Currently reading: Analysis: car makers ready for no-deal Brexit

With an announcement on a draft Brexit deal imminent, Toyota, BMW and JLR are worried about the risks for UK car making

Nerves are showing among Britain’s car makers, which are ramping up their warnings over a no-deal Brexit as the UK's 29 March 2019 leave date gets closer. 

Toyota warned of the “massive” impact of Britain not reaching an agreement with the European Union, which would mean no transition period and the immediate adoption of World Trade Organization rules, almost certainly bringing additional tariffs and border checks. Toyota has just invested in its Derbyshire factory to build the new Corolla, but, like most other car makers, it argues that the addition of tariffs and customs checks could decimate its already slim profit margins. 

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BMW is so worried about disruption from a no-deal scenario that it's shifting the summer closure of Mini's Oxford plant to 1 April, right after the UK is due to leave the EU. The same applies to Rolls-Royce

BMW Group CEO Harald Krüger told journalists at the recent Paris motor show that he would also be forced to move more Mini production to the company's Netherlands plant if the UK leaves with no deal. The German ‘big three’ were supposed to be putting pressure on the EU to do all it can to prevent the UK – one of their largest markets – from heading into a no-deal scenario, but that doesn’t seem to be having much effect. 

For Jaguar Land Rover, a no-deal Brexit is another headache on top of falling global sales. “I do not even know if any of our manufacturing facilities in the UK will be able to function on 30 March,” CEO Ralf Speth told an industry summit in September. He has warned of a £1.2 billion hit and the potential loss of thousands of jobs in the event of a hard Brexit. He has also threatened to shift planned production of electric cars away from the UK. 

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“They’ve effectively stalled investment plans in the UK,” said David Bailey, professor of industry at Aston Business School in Birmingham. 

A hard Brexit would damage sales further, cutting the three million light vehicle sales (including vans) in 2016 to 2.55 million by 2020, analyst firm LMC Automotive forecasts. The pound would likely lose a further 10% of its value, making imported cars even more expensive on top of any tariffs. Ford has said its swing back to a loss in Europe this year is largely down to the UK’s weak currency amid the Brexit negotiations.

The road to a potential deal is long and lumpy. The EU has said British Prime Minister Theresa May’s preferred Chequers deal, essentially a Swiss-style arrangement, isn’t viable. There are enough MPs who oppose it that a vote on such a deal isn’t likely to succeed. And even if a mutual agreement that triggers the transition period is cobbled together, the hard part then comes in thrashing out a permanent arrangement. For car makers, said Bailey, that just “boots the uncertainty two years down the road”. 

SMMT sets up no-deal aid package

The Society of Motor Manufacturers & Traders (SMMT) has launched a Brexit Readiness programme – a contingency aid package to help companies in the UK automotive supply chain in the event of the UK leaving the EU without a deal. 

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The bulk of businesses in the UK automotive supply chain employ fewer than 10 people, and the SMMT says these could face significant challenges in such a scenario. The programme will engage five legal and accountancy firms to consult with SMMT members on trade and tax arrangements, customs procedures and any regulation changes. A free helpline is also being set up. 

The SMMT says the UK automotive supply chain supports 82,000 jobs and contributes £4.9bn to the economy a year, with £3.4bn of parts exported into the EU.

Nick Gibbs

Read more

Brexit: what it means for the British car industry

Insight: What’s up with the UK car market?

Toyota boss Akio Toyoda: no-deal Brexit must be avoided

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